Charts of Different types of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Type	Cause	Symptoms & Signs	Common Locations For Men	Common Locations For Women	Treatment
Chancroid	A disease found primarily in developing countries, associated with commercial sex workers and their clientele.	After an incubation period of one day to two weeks, chancroid begins with a small bump that becomes an ulcer within a day of its appearance. The ulcer characteristically: Ranges in size dramatically from 1/8 inch to two inches (3 to 50 mm) across Is painful Has sharply defined, undermined borders Has irregular or ragged borders Has a base that is covered with a gray or yellowish-gray material Has a base that bleeds easily if traumatized or scraped	Foreskin (prepuce) Groove behind the head of the penis Shaft of the penis Head of the penis Opening of the penis Scrotum	In women the most common location for ulcers is the labia majora. "Kissing ulcers" may develop. These are ulcers that occur on opposing surfaces of the labia. Other areas such as the labia minora, perineal area, and inner thighs may also be involved. The most common symptoms in women are pain with urination and pain with intercourse.	Single oral dose of Azythromicin or Single IM dose of Ceftriaxone or Oral Erythromycin for 7 days.
Chlamydia	Naturally found living only inside human cells and is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in people worldwide — about four million cases of Chlamydia infection occur in the United States each year. Not all infected people exhibit symptoms of infection.	Chlamydia may not cause any symptoms	A painful or burning sensation when urinating, an unusual discharge from the penis, swollen or tender testicles, or fever. Male patients may develop a white, cloudy or watery discharge from the tip of the penis. Chlamydia in men can spread to the testicles, causing epididymitis, which can cause sterility if not treated within 6 to 8 weeks. Chlamydia causes more than 250,000 cases of epididymitis in the USA each year. Chlamydia may also cause reactive arthritis, especially in young men.	Chlamydia is known as the "Silent Epidemic" because in women, it may not cause any symptoms and will linger for months or years before being discovered. Symptoms that may occur include: unusual vaginal bleeding or discharge, pain in the abdomen, painful sexual intercourse, fever, painful urination or the urge to urinate more frequently than usual.	Infection can be effectively cured with antibiotics once it is detected
Crotchrot	Fungal infection of the groin region. Official alternative names include Jock itch. A warm, damp environment allowing the fungus to cultivate greatly contributes; especially with tight, sweaty or rubbing clothing such as jockstrap or tight undershorts.	Itching or a burning sensation in the groin area, thigh skin folds, or anus. It may involve the inner thighs and genital areas, as well as extending back to the perineum and perianal areas. Affected areas may appear red, tan, or brown, with flaking, peeling, or cracking skin. The acute infection begins with an area in the groin fold about a half-inch across, usually on both sides. The area may enlarge, and other sores may develop in no particular pattern. The rash appears as raised red plaques and scaly patches with sharply defined borders that may blister and ooze. If the rash advances, it usually advances down the inner thigh. The advancing edge is redder and more raised than areas that have been infected longer. The advancing edge is usually scaly, and very easily distinguished or well demarcated. The skin within the border turns a reddish-brown and loses much of its scale. The border may exhibit tiny pimples or even pustules, with central areas that are reddish and dry with small scales.			Treated with antifungal drugs applied topically.
Donovanosis	Characterized by painless genital ulcers which can be mistaken for Syphilis. However, they ultimately progress to destruction of internal and external tissue, with leakage of mucus and blood. The destructive nature of Donovanosis also increases the risk of super infection by other pathogenic microbes.	Small, painless nodules appear after about 10–40 days of the contact with the bacteria. Later the nodules burst, creating open, fleshy, oozing lesions. The infection spreads, mutilating the infected tissue. The infection will continue to destroy the tissue until treated. The lesions occur at the region of contact typically found on the shaft of the penis, the labia, or the perianal region.			Three weeks of treatment with erythromycin, streptomycin, or tetracycline, or 12 weeks of treatment with ampicillin are standard forms of therapy. Normally, the infection will begin to subside within a week of treatment, however, the full treatment period must be followed in order to minimize the possibility of relapse.
Gonorrhea	Amongst the most common sexually transmitted diseases in the world and is spread during sexual intercourse.	The incubation period varies from two to 14 days with most symptoms occurring between days 2 and 5 after being infected from an infected partner. A small number of people may be asymptomatic for up to a year.	May have no symptoms at all, some men have some signs or symptoms that appear two to five days after infection; symptoms can take as long as 30 days to appear. Symptoms and signs include a burning sensation when urinating, or a white, yellow, or green discharge from the penis. Sometimes men with gonorrhea get painful or swollen testicles.	Between 30–60% of women with gonorrhea are asymptomatic . The woman may complain of vaginal discharge, difficulty urinating , off-cycle menstrual bleeding, or bleeding after sexual intercourse. The cervix may appear anywhere from normal to the extreme of marked cervical inflammation with pus. Infection of the urethra causes little dysuria or pus. The combination of urethritis and cervicitis on examination strongly supports a gonorrhea diagnosis, as both sites are infected in most gonorrhea patients.	Antibiotics that may be used to treat gonorrhea include: Amoxycillin 2 g plus probenecid 1 g orally Ampicillin 2 to 3 g plus probenecid 1 g orally Azithromycin 2 g orally Cefixime 400 mg orally Cefotaxime 500 mg by intramuscular injection Cefoxitin 2 g by intramuscular injection, plus probenecid 1 g orally Cefpodoxime (Vantin) 400 mg orally Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 125 to 250 mg by intramuscular injection Ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally Levofloxacin 250 mg orally Ofloxacin 400 mg orally Spectinomycin 2 g by intramuscular injection These drugs are all given as a single dose.
Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)	Primarily an infection of lymphatics and lymph nodes	LGV may begin as a self-limited painless genital ulcer that occurs at the contact site 3-12 days or longer in this primary stage. The secondary stage occurs from 10-30 days later most often, but has occurred up to 6 months later. The infection is then spread to the lymph nodes through lymphatic drainage pathways. Over the course of the disease, lymph nodes enlarge, enlarged nodes are called buboes, and become painful at first. The next most common thing is inflammation, thinning and fixation of the overlying skin. Lastly in the progression are necrosis, fluctuant and superlative lymph nodes, abscesses, fistulas, strictures, and sinus tracts all may occur. During the infection and when it subsides and healing takes place, fibrosis may occur. This can result in varying degrees of lymphatic obstruction, chronic edema, and strictures. These late stages characterized by fibrosis and edema are also known as the third stage of LGV and are mainly permanent.	Men fewer than 1/3 of those infected notice the first signs of LGV. This primary stage heals in a few days.	Rarely do women notice a primary infection, because the initial ulceration where the organism penetrates the mucosal layer are located out of sight in the vaginal wall.	Antibiotics and may involve drainage of the buboes or abscesses by needle aspiration or incision. Further supportive measure may need to be taken: dilatation of the rectal stricture, repair of rectovaginal fistulae, or colostomy for rectal obstruction. Common antibiotic treatments include: tetracycline, doxycycline , and erythromycin.
Non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU)	The symptoms of urethritis can include pain or a burning sensation upon urination , a white/cloudy discharge and a feeling that one needs to pass urine frequently; however, there are often no symptoms.	Can be caused by a number of organisms and by a number of non-infectious causes, including urethral stricture, foreign bodies, trauma, Reiter's syndrome, and various autoimmune and allergic conditions. Of these many causes, the vast preponderance of cases are due to either gonorrhea or chlamydia. It is currently estimated that 50% of NGU cases are caused by chlamydia, with the remainder due to other causes.			Prescription and use of the proper antibiotics depending on the strain of the ureaplasma.
Syphilis	Sexually transmitted disease caused by spiral-shaped spirochete bacterium, The disease has been known under many names during history, including the "French disease" and the "Great Pox". Syphilis has had a prominent role in history and literature for the last several hundred years. The route of transmission of syphilis is almost always by sexual contact.	Primary syphilis is typically acquired via direct sexual contact with the infectious lesions of a person with syphilis. Approximately 10-90 days after the initial exposure, a skin lesion may be seen on the genitalia. This lesion is a firm, painless skin ulceration localized at the point of initial exposure to the spirochete, often on the penis, vagina or rectum. The lesion may persist for 4 to 6 weeks and usually heals spontaneously. Local lymph node swelling can occur. During the initial incubation period, individuals are otherwise asymptomatic.			The first-choice treatment for all manifestations of syphilis remains penicillin in the form of penicillin G.

Type	Cause	Symptoms & Signs	Treatment
Hepatitis B.	An inflammation of the liver	May either be acute or chronic. Persons with self-limited infection clear the infection spontaneously within weeks to months. Acute viral hepatitis - an illness that begins with general ill-health, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, bodyaches, mild fever, dark urine, and then progresses to development of jaundice. It has also been noted that itchy skin all over the body, has been an indication as a possible symptom of all hepatitis virus types. The illness lasts for a few weeks and then gradually improves in most of the affected people.	Treatments are available in the form of antivirals such as lamivudine and adefovir and immune system modulators such as interferon alpha .
Herpes simplex	There are two types of Herpes Simplex Virus: HSV Type 1 and HSV Type 2. The ways in which herpes infections manifest themselves vary tremendously among individuals. Herpes is contracted through direct skin contact with an infected person.	Herpes infections, whether initial or recurring, are usually first felt as a tingling and/or itching sensation in the affected location. These initial feelings are usually followed, depending on how severe the infection is, by the emergence of a raised or swollen area on the skin. This swollen area then becomes painful in general, but acutely sore when touched, stretched or moved. Eventually the sore area will abscess, and emit a virus laden clear fluid for several days before scabbing over. Once scabbed over the lesion will usually heal completely within a period of a week to ten days. From the onset of infection/outbreak, many patients experience headaches, fatigue, and peculiar twitching sensations in the nerves that lead to the area of the outbreak.	For genital herpes, condoms are a highly recommended way to limit transmission of herpes simplex infection, as demonstrated in research. However, condoms are by no means completely effective. The effectiveness of this method is somewhat limited on an individual scale because some blisters may not be covered by the condom, or free virus in female vaginal fluid may enable infection around the base of the penis or testicles not covered by the condom. The use of condoms or dental dams can limit the transmission of Herpes from the genitals of one partner to the mouth of the other (or vice versa) during oral sex. There is no cure for herpes, or treatment that can eradicate herpes virus from the body at reactivations of the virus. Non-prescription analgesics can reduce pain and fever during initial outbreaks. There are several prescription antiviral medications for controlling herpes outbreaks.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS)	Retrovirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS, a condition in humans in which the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections). Infection with HIV occurs by the transfer of blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-ejaculate, or breast milk.	The most common symptoms of which may include fever, lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis, rash, myalgia, malaise, mouth and esophagal sores, and may also include, but less commonly, headache, nausea and vomiting, enlarged liver/spleen, weight loss, thrush, and neurological symptoms.	There is currently no vaccine or cure for HIV or AIDS. The only known method of prevention is avoiding exposure to the virus. However, an antiretroviral treatment, known as post-exposure prophylaxis is believed to reduce the risk of infection if begun directly after exposure.Current treatment for HIV infection consists of highly active antiretroviral therapy, or HAART.
Human papillomavirus (HPV)	Can lead to the development of cervical dyskaryosis, or precancerous lesions, which may in turn lead to cancer of the cervix. HPV infection is a necessary factor in the development of nearly all cases of cervical cancer.	Most HPV types that infect the genitals tend not to cause noticeable symptoms. Genital warts or Cervical cancer.	Condoms, pap smears and the vaccine are the main treatments of HPV.
Molluscum (MC)	A viral infection of the skin or occasionally of the mucous membranes. Molluscum infections are often sexually transmitted and usually affect the genitals, lower abdomen, buttocks, and inner thighs. In rare cases, molluscum infections are also found on the lips, mouth and eyelids.	Lesions are flesh-colored, dome-shaped, and pearly in appearance. They are often 1-5 millimeters in diameter, with a dimpled center. They are generally not painful, but they may itch or become irritated. Picking or scratching the bumps may lead to further infection or scarring. In about 10% of the cases, eczema develops around the lesions. They may occasionally be complicated by secondary bacterial infections. The time from infection to the appearance of lesions ranges from 1 week to 6 months, with an average incubation period of 6 weeks. Diagnosis is made on the clinical appearance; the virus cannot routinely be cultured.	Molluscum lesions may go away on their own in six to nine months, but can persist, via autoinoculation, for up to four years. Treatment is often unnecessary. There are a few treatment options that can be done at home. Betadine surgical scrub can be gently scrubbed on the infected area for 5 minutes. However, the ability of iodine to penetrate intact skin is poor, and without a pin prick or needle stick into each molluscum lesion this method does not work well. Australian lemon myrtle A recent study published in the journal Biomedicine and Pharacotherapy demonstrated resolution of molluscum in children by treatment with an extract of essential oil of Australian lemon myrtle. This preparation has been improved upon by the authors of the study, and is commercially available over-the-counter. Over-the-counter substances For mild cases, over-the-counter wart medicines, such as salicylic acid may shorten infection duration. Daily topical application of tretinoin cream- may also trigger resolution. These treatments require several weeks for the infection to clear. Apple cider vinegar The spots are also treatable with vinegar. Soak a cotton ball in vinegar and place on molluscum, then cover the area with a band-aid for 24 hours. The wart will be gone with only scab remaining. Non-medicine treatment The infection can also be cleared without medicine if there are only a few lesions. First, the affected skin area should be cleaned with an alcohol swab. Next, a sterile needle is used to cut across the head of the lesion, through the central dimple. The contents of the papule is removed with another alcohol swab. This procedure is repeated for each lesion. With this method, the lesions will heal in two to three days. Surgical treatment Surgical treatments include cryosurgery, in which liquid nitrogen is used to freeze and destroy lesions, as well as scraping them off with a curette. Application of liquid nitrogen may cause burning or stinging at the treated site, which may persist for a few minutes after the treatment. Scarring or loss of color can complicate both these treatments. With liquid nitrogen, a blister may form at the treatment site, but it will slough off in two to four weeks. Although no longer available in the United States, the topical blistering agent cantharidin can be effective. It should be noted that cryosurgery and curette scraping are not painless procedures. They may also leave scars and/or permanent white marks. Laser Pulsed dye laser therapy for molluscum contagiosum may be the treatment of choice for multiple lesions in a cooperative patient. The use of pulsed dye laser for the treatment of MC has been documented with excellent results. The therapy was well tolerated, without scars or pigment anomalies. The lesions resolved without scarring at 2 weeks. Studies show 96%–99% of the lesions resolved with one treatment. The pulsed dye laser is quick and efficient, but its expense makes it less cost effective than other options. Also, not all dermatology offices have this 585nm laser.
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8)	Virus causes Kaposi's sarcoma, a cancer commonly occurring in AIDS patients, as well as primary effusion lymphoma and some types of multicentric Castleman's disease.		Kaposi's sarcoma is usually a localized tumor that can be treated either surgically or through local irradiation. Chemotherapy with drugs such as liposomal anthracyclines or paclitaxel may be used, particularly for invasive disease. Antiviral drugs, such as ganciclovir, that target the replication of herpes viruses such as KSHV have been used to successfully prevent development of Kaposi's sarcoma, although once the tumor develops these drugs are of little or no use. For patients with AIDS-KS, the most effective therapy is highly active antiretroviral therapy to reduce HIV infection. AIDS patients receiving adequate anti-HIV treatment may have up to a 90% reduction in Kaposi's sarcoma occurrence.

Type	Cause	Symptoms & Signs	Treatment
Pubic lice a.k.a "crabs" (Phthirius pubis)	The crab louse can live in almost any form of human hair, but is found most commonly in pubic hair, leading to its other common name of pubic louse. Its legs are adapted to climbing along relatively widely spaced hairs, and so it can be found in eyebrows, pubic hair, beards, moustaches, underarm hair and even on eyelashes. The individual louse can survive for about 24 hours apart from its necessary human host, so that crab lice can be passed on in sleeping bags and bedding.	The louse feeds on blood and can leave irritating spots on the skin, sometimes mistaken for pimples, a condition called Pediculosis pubis.	Pubic lice are usually easily killed with a 1% permethrin or pyrethrin lice shampoo, but the pubic hair must be shaved or combed with a fine-toothed comb to remove the nits.
Scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei)	A transmissible ectoparasite skin infection characterized by superficial burrows, intense pruritus (itching) and secondary infection. The word scabies comes from the Latin word for "scratch" (scabere).	It takes approximately 4-6 weeks to develop symptoms after initial infestation. Therefore, a person may have been contagious for at least a month before being diagnosed. This means that person might have passed scabies to anyone at that time with whom they had close contact. Someone who sleeps in the same room with a person with scabies has a high possibility of having scabies as well, although they may not show symptoms. The symptoms are caused by an allergic reaction that the body develops over time to the mites and their by-products under the skin, thus the 4-6 week "incubation" period. Scabies are microscopic although sometimes they are visible as a pinpoint of white.	Systemic oral doses which have the advantage of ensured total coverage, prescription topical applications, and over-the-counter topical applications such as 10% sulfur.

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